Hypothesis Testing
Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and statistical inference
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Question
What is effect size?
Answer
A standardized measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon, independent of sample size.
Cohen's d = (μ₁ − μ₂) / σ (for means); R² (for regression); η² (for ANOVA)
Example: Cohen's d: 0.2 = small, 0.5 = medium, 0.8 = large effect
Note: Indicates practical significance, not just statistical significance; essential for power analysis and meta-analysis