Probability Concepts

Probability distributions, theorems, and foundational concepts

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What is the addition rule of probability?

A rule for finding the probability of either one event or another (or both) occurring.

P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B); If mutually exclusive: P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B)

Example: P(King or Heart) = P(King) + P(Heart) − P(King of Hearts) = 4/52 + 13/52 − 1/52 = 16/52

Note: Subtract intersection to avoid double-counting; for mutually exclusive events, intersection = 0